Xinjiang enters cotton harvest season with higher yield expected

With the beginning of the cotton harvest season, northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is anticipating higher yields from advancements in agricultural technology and mechanization.

Xinjiang is the largest production area of high-quality commodity cotton in China. The 2.47-million-hectare cotton growing area in the region has produced more than 5 million tons of cotton for six consecutive years.

The northern and southern parts of the vast autonomous region have different climates, different cotton varieties and also different growing periods. Currently, cotton picking started two weeks ago in northern Xinjiang, while the harvesting has just begun in the southern areas.

In Tumxuk City, located in southern Xinjiang, cotton farmers are using all-in-one harvesters to help them pick cotton, separate the flowers from the stalks and pack them into bundles.

"In the past, we picked the cotton manually. It took us more than a month to pick 100 mu (6.67 hectares) of cotton, and the cost reached 1,000 yuan per mu (about 2,106 U.S. dollars per hectare). Now, we use domestically produced cotton pickers to gather them, which have high efficiency and low cost. It now takes less than a day to harvest my 100 mu of cotton, with a cost less than 200 yuan per mu," said Turaxun Samat, a local farmer.

This year, Xinjiang has vigorously promoted the new cotton planting technology of drip irrigation under the mulching film at the appropriate emergence temperature, replacing the old method of irrigating before sowing. The technology can greatly improve the emergence rate while also saving water resources.

In addition, the precision sowing supported by BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and remote sensing monitoring by the agricultural big data platform have also been widely adopted across Xinjiang, contributing to the growth of cotton output.

"This year, a total of 1,057,800 mu (about 70,520 hectares) of cotton have been planted in Tumxuk City, and the unginned cotton yield is estimated at 451.4 kilograms per mu, an average increase of 11.7 kilograms per mu over the previous year," said Chen Yongsen, a member of the leadership of the city's Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

The cotton harvesting in Xinjiang is expected to end in early November.

Xinjiang enters cotton harvest season with higher yield expected

Zoo Berlin's newest residents, a pair of panda sisters born in late August, made their long-awaited debut to the press on Tuesday, and will meet the public starting from Wednesday.

The newborn cubs spent their first few weeks behind the scenes. Starting Wednesday, however, visitors will have the chance to watch them grow.

Andreas Knieriem, director of Zoo Berlin, said only the panda cubs will be visible to the public, while their mother Meng Meng will remain behind the scenes. The cubs will be housed in an especially designed glass enclosure with an advanced air filtration system to keep them safe from external elements. One cub will be on display at a time, for an hour each day, from 13:30 to 14:30 local time at the zoo's "Panda Garden," while the other stays with their mother.

"We have finally reached an important day when we can show the panda cubs to the public. First, they will come out for just one hour each day. As time goes on, we may extend the time based on their conditions. These two little ones, weighing only 2.5 kilograms each, are a big deal for panda fans around the globe. Even though they are still tiny, they are already starting to show their panda characteristics," said Knieriem.

The new twin cubs were born after an artificial insemination procedure on March 26, following intensive observation and careful preparation by an international team of experts. The twins, weighing just 150 grams each at birth, have grown to 2.5 kilograms at 55 days old, 15 times their birth weight.

Their names are yet to be decided, as it is a tradition to name the panda cubs after their first 100 days of life.

"The panda twins and Meng Meng are currently in very good condition. We are delighted that there is always a panda cub by Meng Meng's side to get care, whether being breastfed or sleeping. The cubs will take turns to meet the public. From birth until now, the twins have been growing well," said Franziska Sutter, a veterinarian of Zoo Berlin.

Meng Meng and the twin's father Jiao Qing arrived in Berlin in June 2017. In August 2019, she gave birth to the first-ever twin panda cubs in Germany, Meng Xiang and Meng Yuan.

Baby panda twins greet first visitors in Berlin