Communal sweating in saunas is the hottest wellness trend taking over the UK

LONDON (AP) — It may be winter and there may be a biting chill in the air, but the dozen men and women who have packed this small sauna room in east London are happily sweating away in their swimwear.

It’s more than 90 degrees Celcius (194 Fahrenheit) in here — and it’s about to get even hotter.

As ice blocks infused with lavender oil melt over sizzling hot stones, releasing fragrant steam, “sauna master” Oliver Beryl turns on some ambient music and starts to vigorously wave a towel in a circular motion above his head to spread overpowering waves of dry heat around the room.

“Now try finding someone and sit back to back with them," Beryl suggests. “Or, if you want, maintain eye contact with the person sitting next to you.” A brief hesitation, but most gamely oblige for a few minutes.

Sauna-bathing has taken London and the rest of the U.K. by storm, particularly among trendy 20- and 30-somethings interested in trying a new pastime that's healthier than nights out in pubs and bars.

Sweating it out in communal spaces for relaxation, physical or mental therapy and socializing has long been a staple of many cultures around the world, from Scandinavia’s saunas and Native American sweat lodges to Japan’s onsens and Turkish baths.

But the most popular saunas now are those that emphasize community and “connectedness," or offer something novel alongside sitting in a heated box. Think sauna club nights featuring DJs, saunas combined with a poetry workshop, or “aufguss” (meaning “infusion” in German) rituals like the one hosted by Beryl — an intense session blending heat therapy, music and scent.

Many sites also offer open-air ice baths next to the saunas so people can cycle between hot and cold.

“I loved the feeling of losing yourself. It’s a 15-minute detachment from normal life," said Jess Carmichael as she emerged from her first “aufguss” at Community Sauna Baths in Stratford, east London.

She likened the exhilaration she felt to the experience of running into the freezing sea with hundreds of others on New Year’s Day.

“I think people need this right now — this warmth coming from the outside and feeling that you’re sharing an experience with others,” she added.

Charlie Duckworth, a co-founder of Community Sauna Baths, said it all started in 2022 when he and fellow “sauna nutters” installed two small saunas — including one in a horse box — in a disused parking lot in the trendy neighborhood of Hackney.

The not-for-profit social enterprise proved so popular that it has since expanded to four sites across the capital, with two more opening soon.

A large part of the appeal for many fans is that saunas serve as "a place of communion,” much like a pub or a church, Duckworth said.

“Sauna lowers inhibitions and also gives you a feeling of mild euphoria," not unlike the effects of social drinking, he said. “I think it’s an excellent place to socialize.”

Around the U.K., the number of public sauna sites has jumped from 45 in 2023 to 147 so far this year, according to the British Sauna Society.

Compared to countries where the practice is steeped in tradition, one benefit of the U.K.'s sauna culture being so new is that providers can "have a bit more fun with it and be more creative,” Duckworth said.

At Peckham Sauna Social in south London, weekends feature relaxed ambient sauna nights with resident DJs and a non-alcoholic cocktail bar. One of its most popular monthly sessions is the “creative writing sauna": a short poetry reading followed by a chai tea and writing workshop afterward in the lounge.

“Reading in the sauna was something I’d never done before — just being hot and sweaty and dripping onto the page was challenging at first,” said Caroline Druitt, a writer who leads the workshops.

Something about sharing a chat with other semi-clothed strangers in the sauna seemed to encourage participants to be more open about sharing their ideas and writings, Druitt said. “Besides, I know that many of my best ideas have come out of the bath,” she added.

Besides reducing stress and getting ideas flowing, some swear by saunas and cold plunges for soothing joint inflammation and improving heart health and sleep.

Some studies go further, with one suggesting a link between going to the sauna at least four times a week and a reduction in the risk of psychosis among middle-aged Finnish men.

“Authentic sauna done well should be as regular as the gym, and doing it regularly is what offers the reported health benefits,” said Gabrielle Reason, secretary at the British Sauna Society.

While those health benefits aren't yet well established — and those with high blood pressure or heart conditions should check with their doctors before going to a sauna and ice bath — many converts return regularly for the mood boost.

“It just resets your brain in a really lovely way,” said Callum Heinrich, submerged in a barrel of frigid water, his skin still steaming from the sauna. He says he attends twice a week when he can. “For your mental health, it is the best thing in the world.”

Visitors enjoy their sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

The Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

The entrance to the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Callum Heinrich, left, and Ella Price, second left, enjoy their sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Visitors enjoy their sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Charlie Duckworth, co-founder of the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, poses for a photograph, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Callum Heinrich, right, and Ella Pricetake shower during their sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

A visitor enjoys her sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Callum Heinrich, left, and Ella Price, enjoy their sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

David Saville sits by a camp fire during his sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Ella Price enjoys her sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Callum Heinrich, left, and Ella Price, second left, enjoy their sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Callum Heinrich enjoys his sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

Visitors enjoy their sauna session at the Hackney Wick Community Sauna Baths, in London, Tuesday, Feb. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)

ROME (AP) — Pope Francis marked the 12th anniversary of his papacy Thursday with increasingly positive medical updates four weeks into his hospitalization for double pneumonia.

The pope spent another tranquil night, the Vatican said in its brief morning statement.

A chest X-ray confirmed improvements, the Vatican said on Wednesday, just two days after days after doctors declared he’s no longer in imminent danger of death. The latest medical bulletin said that the 88-year-old pope’s condition remained stable, but indicated a complex picture considering his overall fragility.

The Holy See hasn’t said how the anniversary of his election as the 266th pope might be commemorated. It is a public holiday at the Vatican and Masses are planned in his honor at churches in Rome. No medical bulletins will be issued.

Francis on Wednesday remotely followed a Lenten spiritual retreat that has been a mainstay of his papacy. He continues to receive high flows of oxygen through nasal tubes during the day and a non-invasive mechanical mask to aid his rest at night.

The former Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio was elected on the fifth ballot of the 2013 conclave, which was called after Pope Benedict XVI resigned.

While Francis has praised Benedict’s humility in stepping down and said he might follow in his footsteps, more recently he has said the papacy is a job for life.

Another milestone comes Friday, when Francis marks four weeks of hospitalization.

Catholic worshippers walk towards St. Peter's Square on a rainy day in Rome, Wednesday, March 12, 2025. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)

Catholic worshippers arrive to St. Peter's Square on a rainy day at the Vatican, Wednesday, March 12, 2025. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)

A woman looks at the "Angels Unawares" boat sculpture by Canadian artist Timothy P. Schmalz on a rainy day in St. Peter's square at The Vatican, Wednesday, March 12, 2025. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)

People pray as they follow a live broadcasted Rosary prayer for Pope Francis, in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican, Wednesday, March 12, 2025. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)

A woman shelters against the rain as she follows a live broadcasted Rosary prayer for Pope Francis, in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican, Wednesday, March 12, 2025. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)

A couple kiss in St. Peter's Square at The Vatican, Wednesday, March 12, 2025. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)