由於印度公務員待遇優厚,印度年輕人熱衷「考公」。然而,聯邦公務員考試競爭激烈,130萬名報考者中僅錄取1255人,公考培訓業蓬勃發展。
Between 2014-2022, 22 crore applied for govt jobs, only 7.22 Lakh got them . Many of those were repeated attempts, but millions of young indians chase government jos every year. https://t.co/oJVgIaSNaF
— milk drinker 🍎🍒 (@doodhgheepaneer) July 21, 2024
聯邦公務員與邦公務員
據印度政府網站介紹,印度公務員主要分為聯邦公務員和邦公務員兩大類,分別由印度聯邦政府和各邦政府各自組織考試。
聯邦公務員又分為全印公務員和中央公務員。前者由印度聯邦政府招錄,然後派到各邦工作,主要被分為行政公務員、警察公務員和森林公務員。中央公務員則只在印度聯邦機構工作,比如印度外交系統公務員。
WATCH: Sunil Kumar has failed 13 times over nine years to get a job in the Indian government, and he's still trying. Despite a booming economy, he and millions of others are seeking the security of a civil-service post https://t.co/Kje5q7dCj1 pic.twitter.com/DVdw1h5uGj
— Reuters Asia (@ReutersAsia) July 21, 2024
不到1%的人過初試
兩種公務員通過考試進行招錄,而考試又分為初試、主試和面試三個階段。英國廣播公司此前曾報道稱,印度每年有100萬名考生報名參加該考試,但只有不到1%的人能進入第二階段的主試。
福利好 人工高
印度聯邦公務員考試的吸引力不僅在於公務員的權力,還在於它所能提供的豐厚薪酬。報道稱,公務員的薪酬由基本薪酬和津貼組成,基本薪酬從每月5.6萬盧比(約港幣5200元)到25萬盧比(約港幣2.3萬元)不等,津貼則包括交通津貼、住房津貼和物價津貼。
Despite booming economy, many young Indians, like 30-year-old Sunil Kumar, persistently pursue government jobs for their perceived security, benefitshttps://t.co/lgiLCnUQUa
— Daily Sabah (@DailySabah) July 21, 2024
催生公考培訓業
印度的公考熱還催生了公考培訓業的「蓬勃發展」。印度北方一位補習班的老板表示,他每年通過線上和線下課程為近3萬名學生提供輔導。針對公考熱,印度消費者保護委員會要求公考培訓機構不得利用成功考生做廣告,甚至對一家公考培訓機構處以30萬盧比(約港幣2.8萬元)的罰款。